Common Symptoms to Expect in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy: A Complete Guide
- Duly Care
- 6 days ago
- 8 min read
The third trimester begins at week 28 and continues until the baby is born, usually around week 40. At this point, the baby is growing rapidly, preparing for life outside the womb - and so is the body. But while this trimester brings excitement, it can also bring discomfort, emotional shifts, and questions.
If you're wondering what changes are normal, what may be the causes for concern, and how to manage everything from sleepless nights to frequent urination, this blog breaks it all down. Here's what to expect from the third trimester.
Key Takeaways:
The third trimester, lasting from week 28 to delivery, marks the final stage of pregnancy when the baby grows rapidly, gains fat, and prepares for birth. The mother's body also undergoes changes in posture, breathing, and hormonal regulation.
Pregnancy symptoms in the third trimester include increased pelvic pressure, swelling, heartburn, sleep issues, and shortness of breath. These arise from the baby's size, hormonal shifts, and the body preparing for labour.
To manage these symptoms, it is usually recommended to sleep on your side with pillows for support, eating smaller meals to reduce heartburn, staying hydrated, and practising gentle movement to reduce back pain and swelling.
There are many signs that labour is near, including the baby dropping into the pelvis, loss of the mucus plug, regular contractions, and the water breaking. These signs signal that your body is getting ready to give birth.
What Is Pregnancy and How Does It Begin?

How Pregnancy Happens
In the menstrual cycle, during ovulation (usually around day 14 of a typical 28-day cycle), the egg is released from the ovary and travels through the fallopian tube. If it meets sperm along the way, fertilisation or conception can occur. The resulting fertilised egg, now called a zygote, travels down into the uterus and implants itself in the inner lining of the uterus. This implantation officially marks the beginning of pregnancy.
One of the very first signs that one might be pregnant is a missed period. For many women, this is what leads them to take a pregnancy test in the first place. A missed period happens because once pregnancy begins, the body stops its regular monthly cycle. Instead, hormones like hCG, estrogen, and progesterone rise to support the growth of the baby. While a missed period is the most common early clue, it’s not the only sign
Understanding Trimesters
A pregnancy typically lasts 9 months, and it is medically divided into three stages known as trimesters, each lasting around three months:
First trimester: From weeks 1 to 12
Second trimester: From weeks 13 to 26
Third trimester: From weeks 27 to birth
Each trimester brings its own developmental milestones for the baby and different physical and hormonal changes for the pregnant woman.
What Happens in the Third Trimester?
The third trimester is a time of final preparations - for both the baby and the woman. The baby gains weight rapidly, growing from about 2.5 pounds (1.1 kg) in week 28 to around 7–8 pounds (3.2–3.6 kg) by birth. During this period, the organs mature, and fat is stored for life outside the womb.
At the same time, the uterus expands to its maximum size, which affects nearly every organ system. The increased size of the belly can lead to discomfort, sleep problems, and frequent bathroom trips. Emotionally, this period can bring anticipation, anxiety, and a desire to nest or prepare for the baby.
Symptoms in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy (Weeks 27–Delivery)

Here are some of the most common symptoms experienced in the third trimester:
Physical Discomfort
Back pain: The growing uterus shifts the centre of gravity, straining the back muscles and spinal alignment.
Pelvic pressure: The baby moves lower into the pelvis in preparation for birth, which can cause a feeling of heaviness or pressure.
Round ligament pain: The ligaments supporting the uterus stretch more, which may cause sharp, shooting pains in the lower belly or groin.
Swelling (edema): Increased fluid retention and pressure on blood vessels can cause the feet, ankles, and hands to swell.
Leg cramps: These often occur at night and may be due to fatigue, pressure from the uterus, or changes in blood circulation.
Digestive and Urinary Changes
Frequent urination: The baby's position and weight put pressure on the bladder, leading to more frequent urges to urinate.
Heartburn and indigestion: Hormonal changes relax the valve between the stomach and esophagus, while the growing uterus crowds the digestive organs.
Constipation: The hormone progesterone slows bowel movements, and the pressure of the uterus on the intestines adds to the issue.

Respiratory and Circulatory Changes
Shortness of breath: The uterus expands and pushes against the diaphragm, making it harder to take deep breaths.
Varicose veins: Increased blood volume and pressure on veins from the growing uterus can cause these swollen, twisted veins.
Hemorrhoids: Swollen blood vessels in the rectal area can develop due to increased pressure and constipation.
Breast and Skin Changes
Breast leakage: The breasts may start leaking colostrum, a yellowish fluid that’s the baby’s first milk.
Stretch marks: Rapid skin stretching on the belly, breasts, or thighs can cause pink or purple lines.
Itchy skin: As the skin stretches, especially on the abdomen, it may become dry or itchy.
Sleep and Mood Disturbances
Insomnia: Discomfort, anxiety, and frequent urination can interfere with sleep quality.
Vivid dreams: Hormonal changes and emotional processing can lead to intense or strange dreams.
Mood swings: Hormonal fluctuations and anticipation of labour can heighten emotions.
Contractions and Labour Preparation
Braxton hicks contractions: These irregular, “practice” contractions can begin to feel stronger but usually subside with rest.
Lightening: The woman may feel the baby “drop” into the pelvis, making breathing easier but increasing pelvic pressure.
Cervical changes: The cervix begins to thin (known as efface) and open (dilate) in preparation for delivery, though this is usually detected during checkups.
Managing Pregnancy Symptoms in the Third Trimester

The third trimester can be physically and emotionally demanding. As the baby grows, many symptoms become more intense. While these discomforts are common, there are ways to manage them and feel more at ease during the final weeks.
Tips for Symptom Relief
Shortness of breath: The growing uterus puts pressure on the diaphragm, making breathing feel shallow. Sitting upright, sleeping with extra pillows, and taking slow, deep breaths can provide relief.
Swelling in feet and ankles: Fluid retention is common in late pregnancy. Elevating the legs when sitting, drinking plenty of water, and wearing supportive footwear or compression socks can help reduce swelling.
Back pain and pelvic pressure: As the uterus expands and ligaments loosen, backaches and pressure in the pelvis may worsen. Gentle stretches, prenatal yoga, warm baths, and pregnancy support belts can ease discomfort.
Heartburn and indigestion: Hormonal changes relax the valve between the stomach and esophagus, causing acid reflux. Eating smaller meals, avoiding spicy and fatty foods, and not lying down immediately after eating can be helpful.
Difficulty sleeping: Discomfort, frequent urination, and anxiety can interfere with sleep. Using pillows to support the body (especially between the knees), creating a calming bedtime routine, and limiting screen time before bed may improve rest.
Constipation and haemorrhoids: Slow digestion and pressure on the rectum can lead to these issues. Increasing fibre intake, drinking enough fluids, and staying active can help. Sitz baths and witch hazel pads may relieve haemorrhoid discomfort.
Frequent urination: The baby's position on the bladder can lead to more frequent bathroom trips. Reducing fluid intake before bedtime while staying well-hydrated during the day can be useful.
Fatigue: Carrying extra weight, hormonal changes, and poor sleep contribute to tiredness. Resting when possible, asking for help with daily tasks, and eating balanced meals can help maintain energy levels.
Emotional stress and anxiety: As labour nears, it’s normal to feel anxious or overwhelmed. Talking to a partner or friend, joining a prenatal support group, and practicing mindfulness or guided relaxation can reduce emotional strain.
Signs of Approaching Labour (Weeks Leading Up to Birth)

In the final weeks of the third trimester, the body starts preparing for labour. These signs may occur days or even weeks before actual labour begins and can vary from person to person.
Physical Changes That May Signal Labour Is Near
Lightening (baby drops lower in the pelvis): The baby may move down into the pelvis, especially in first-time pregnancies. This can relieve pressure on the diaphragm, making breathing easier, but may increase pressure in the lower abdomen and bladder.
Increased pelvic pressure and backache: As the baby's head settles deeper into the pelvis, it can cause a persistent lower backache and a heavy, dragging sensation in the pelvis.
Frequent urination: The baby's position can put more pressure on the bladder, increasing the urge to urinate more often.
Loss of mucus plug: The cervix begins to soften and open in preparation for labour, which may lead to the
of a thick, jelly-like mucus plug. It may be clear, pink, or slightly blood-tinged.
Bloody show: A small amount of blood mixed with mucus may be seen. This is another sign that the cervix is starting to change and labour may be approaching.
Diarrhoea or loose stools: Hormonal changes in late pregnancy can lead to loose bowel movements, which may be the body’s way of clearing out in preparation for birth.
Regular contractions that intensify over time: Unlike Braxton Hicks contractions, true labour contractions are regular, become stronger, last longer, and get closer together. They do not go away with rest, hydration, or changing positions.
Rupture of membranes (water breaking): This may be experienced as a sudden gush or a slow trickle of fluid. It’s a sign that labour may begin soon, and one should contact their doctor immediately.
Conclusion
The third trimester is often a mix of anticipation and physical discomfort. Understanding the changes happening in your body and your baby’s development can help ease anxiety and make you feel more in control. From regular doctor visits to preparing for birth, this period is all about getting ready to meet your baby - physically, mentally, and emotionally.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
When does the third trimester start and how long does it last?
The third trimester begins at week 27 of pregnancy and continues until birth, which usually happens between weeks 37 and 42.
Is swelling in the feet and hands normal in the third trimester?
Yes, mild swelling, especially in the feet, ankles, and hands, is common due to increased fluid and pressure from the uterus. Sudden or severe swelling should be checked by a doctor.
How can I tell if I’m having Braxton Hicks or real labour contractions?
Braxton Hicks contractions are irregular and go away with rest, while real labour contractions come at regular intervals, get stronger over time, and don’t stop with movement or hydration.
Is it normal to feel breathless in the third trimester?
Yes, as the baby grows, the uterus pushes up against the diaphragm, making it harder for the lungs to expand fully. This usually eases when the baby drops closer to delivery.
Important
This blog, including its text, images, and infographics, is for educational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. For personalised advice, always consult a doctor.
Further Reading
For more details on this or related topics, refer to the papers listed in references below, or check out the other blogs on our website dulycare.in.
References
Mayo Clinic. Third trimester: what to expect during weeks 28 to 40: heartburn, constipation, etc. 2025. https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/pregnancy-week-by-week/in-depth/pregnancy/art-20046767
MDPI Medicina. The Main Changes in Pregnancy — Therapeutic Approach to 3rd Trimester Symptoms such as shortness of breath. 2022. https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/8/1115
Spine. Prevalence of back pain in pregnancy. 1991. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1642036/ (the Wikipedia article cites this—and Spine is peer-reviewed)
Clinical Biomechanics. Dynamic postural stability during advancing pregnancy. 2010. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20005083/
The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume. A biomechanical analysis of gait during pregnancy. 2000. https://journals.lww.com/jbjsjournal/Abstract/2000/05000/A_biomechanical_analysis_of_gait_during_pregnancy.3.aspx